Performance management is the process of monitoring, evaluating, and improving employee performance to ensure that individual and organizational goals are achieved. It involves setting clear expectations, providing regular feedback, offering training and development opportunities, and conducting performance appraisals. Performance management helps align employee activities with organizational objectives, improve productivity, and foster employee engagement and growth. The process typically includes setting SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) goals, assessing performance regularly, and addressing performance issues through coaching, feedback, or corrective action if necessary.